July 10, 2024
By Anjali Kochhar
Visa successfully demonstrated tokenized deposit solutions in partnership with HSBC and Hang Seng Bank as part of the Hong Kong e-HKD Pilot program. The trial, which took place last year, focused on two key use cases: the settlement of a high-value real estate transaction and the settlement of Visa card payments. Visa’s recent report outlined the results of this campaign.
Vincent Lau, Global Head of Digital Money, Global Payments Solutions at HSBC, highlighted the advantages of tokenized deposits, noting their potential to enhance efficiency in existing settlement processes and enable new use cases. “Realizing these benefits will require further development of interoperability between tokenized deposits from different banks,” Lau added.
Visa’s trials featured an early version of its tokenized deposit solution. While programmability is a significant advantage of tokenized deposit payments, the experiments primarily focused on core interbank payment functionality. Given the restrictions on faster payment amounts in Hong Kong, the real estate transaction demonstrated the capability for high-value instant payments using tokenized deposits.
The benefits of tokenized deposits are manifold. They include increased speed, reduced need for manual verifications, and near real-time settlement by minimizing intermediaries. Additionally, blockchain technology enhances transparency throughout the transaction process.
However, potential challenges remain. These include the evolving regulatory landscape and the substantial investment required to develop new infrastructures. It is crucial to create standardized data and protocols and ensure adequate privacy protection.
The functioning of tokenized deposits differs from stablecoins. When a payee transfers money to a recipient, the sending bank burns the tokens, and the recipient bank mints new ones, which then appear in the recipient’s wallet. Concurrently, the sending bank must compensate the recipient bank, a process where central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) prove beneficial. CBDCs enable the client token exchange and CBDC exchange to occur simultaneously, eliminating settlement risk.
During the trial, merchant card payments from the card issuer to Visa and then to the acquiring bank followed the conventional process. Hang Seng Bank acted as the acquiring bank, handling the merchant’s side of card payments, while HSBC was the merchant’s primary bank. Hang Seng Bank paid the merchant using a tokenized deposit, transferring funds from Hang Seng to HSBC. This method provided near real-time notification of substantial settlements and improved transparency.
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is keen to further explore these solutions. Consequently, it launched Project Ensemble, a wholesale CBDC initiative aimed at interbank settlement of tokenized deposits and tokenized transactions.
The positive outcomes of Visa’s pilot with HSBC and Hang Seng Bank highlight how tokenized deposits have the ability to change lives. The financial sector may achieve more effective, transparent, and safe settlement procedures by utilizing blockchain technology and CBDCs, opening the door for further advancements in digital payments.
About the author
Anjali Kochhar covers cryptocurrency stories in India as well as globally. Having been in the field of media and journalism for over three years now, she has developed a sharp news sense and works hard to present information that goes beyond the obvious. She is an avid reader and loves writing on a wide range of subjects.